Chemical Nature of DNA
Chemical Nature of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the principal genetic materials of living …
TRANSLATION (PROTEIN SYNTHESIS)
The biosynthesis of a protein or a polypeptide in a living cell is called as translation. The genetic …
Transcription in prokaryotes
Transcription involves three different stages in prokaryotes such as initiation, elongation and termination. RNA is synthesized by a …
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) PCR is an in-vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA fragments of …
Microbial Transformations
Microbial Transformations Microbial transformation is a biological process in which organic compounds are modified into reversible products. These …
Methods of Organ culture
Methods of Organ culture The organ can be cultured in-vitro for normal development and to avoid damage of …
Applications of transgenic animals
Applications of transgenic animals The animal production industry is gradually reaching towards revolution due to the development of …
Methods of producing transgenic animals
Transgenic animals Transgenesis is a new technology for altering the characteristics of animals by directly changing the genetic …
Animal Tissue Culture Media
Animal Tissue Culture Media The design of animal tissue culture media is more difficult than that of microorganisms …
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT (IPR) AND PROTECTION (IPP)
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT (IPR) AND PROTECTION (IPP) Pharmaceutical biotechnology has played a significant role in processing, designing and …
Study Notes on Structural Organization of Animals
Study Notes on Structural Organization of Animals ANIMAL TISSUES The structure of the cells vary according to their …
Production of Penicillin
Production of Penicillin Production of penicillin began in the United States (1941) by surface culture fermentation of Penicillium …