Sexually transmitted disease

Various STDs are caused by bacteria viruses and protozoa.
Most STDs is are curable or at least can be controlled by antibiotics.
long-term health consequences of STDs are serious.
As an example some STDs can cause secondary health problems like pelvic inflammatory disease heart and nerve damage.

(1)GONNORHOEA

Caused by NEISSERIA GONNORHOEA.
Extremely sensitive to environmental condition.
Killed very fast by drying, sunlight and UV light.
Cause eye infection in newborn and adult.
Transmitted by intimate host-to-host contact.
Symptoms of gonorrhoea are different in male and female.
In the female, a mild infection in the genital region and is difficult to distinguish from other infection.
In the male, it causes a painful infection of the urethral canal.
Treatment with penicillin has been successful.

(2) Syphilis:-

These are more serious disease than gonorrhoea.
Caused by spirochaete.
The organism cannot pass through normal skin so initial infection is through a small break on skin.
The genital organ of male and female gets infected.
Pathogen transmits from infected women to fittest.
This kind of disease is known as congenital syphilis.

(3)HERPES:-

Caused by Herpes viruses.
Cause fever blister, cold sore.
There are two types of herpes viruses:-
HV1- cause cold sore and fever blister around the mouth and lips.
HV2- infection at anogenital reasons cause a painful blister on the genital organ of male and female.

(4) trichomoniasis:-

Non-gonococcal urethritis can also be caused by protozoa and trichomonas vaginalis.
They can survive outside the host if do not dry.

(5)AIDS:-

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus is a retrovirus.
Which enters the host cell genome.
Effect of HIV on the immune system leads to AIDS.

▶Animal transmitted disease:-animal Transmitted disease spread accidentally to host through direct contact aerosols or bites.

(1)Rabies:-

Rabies is a very serious disease.
Infected to human from animals.
Caused by rhabdo virus family.
Infected cells of central nervous system.
Virus present in saliva rabied animals and enters the host body by bite wound.
The incubation period is 10 to 14 days in dog.
symptoms:-Virus proliferate in the brain causing fever , anxiety , a fear of swelling and ultimately result in respiratory paralysis.

(2) hantavirus pulmonary syndrome:-

▶Insect and ticks transmitted disease:-

(1)Rickettsia:-

Caused by rickettsia Shia a small bacteria grow intracellular by
Spread by blood sucking anthropoids.
Typhus fever :- Rickettsia prowazekii.
transmitted from human to human by body or head.
Rickettsia comes from contaminated faeces of louse.
The incubation period in human wants 2-3 weeks.
Symptoms are fever headache, body weakness, rashes in armpits and then to other parts only accept facepalm and sole of feet.
No treatment may cause damage to the central nervous system lungs, kidney, heart.

(2) spotted fever:-

Transmitted by ticks. (Dog ticks and wood ticks).
Contaminated faecal matter of tax injected to organism body by bite, rubbing or stretching.
Incubation period 3- 12 days inside the host cell nucleus as well as cytoplasm.
Symptoms are fever several headaches, rash on palm and sole, a gastrointestinal problem like diarrhoea vomiting.
Tetracycline, chloramphenicol antibiotics are effective.

Other Rickettsial diseases:-

▶Lime disease

(1)Tick-borne diseases

Affect animal and human.
Caused by spirochaete.
Symptoms are effects central nervous system, visual disturbance, facial paralysis miscarriage and stillbirth.
Treatment can be done by tetracycline and penicillin.

(2) malaria:-

(3) plague:-

References

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