1. What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Energy production
c) Storage of genetic material
d) Cellular respiration
2. Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?
a) Neuron
b) Epithelium
c) Muscle fiber
d) Cartilage
3. What is the role of hemoglobin in the blood?
a) Carrying oxygen
b) Carrying carbon dioxide
c) Producing antibodies
d) Regulating blood sugar
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
a) Membrane-bound nucleus
b) Presence of mitochondria
c) Complex internal structures
d) Lack of membrane-bound organelles
5. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
a) Estrogen
b) Testosterone
c) Insulin
d) Thyroxine
6. What process involves the exchange of gases between the blood and body tissues?
a) Osmosis
b) Active transport
c) Diffusion
d) Filtration
7. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Ribosome
8. In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane of the cell?
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
9. Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
a) mRNA
b) tRNA
c) rRNA
d) snRNA
10. What is the function of the cerebellum in the brain?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Control of heart rate
c) Coordination of movement and balance
d) Processing visual information
11. Which of the following is an example of an autotrophic organism?
a) Lion
b) Oak tree
c) Mushroom
d) Human
12. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into simpler sugars in the digestive system?
a) Lipase
b) Pepsin
c) Amylase
d) Trypsin
13. What is the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element?
a) Molecule
b) Cell
c) Atom
d) Nucleus
14. Which process involves the conversion of nitrogen gas into a form that plants can absorb?
a) Nitrogen fixation
b) Photosynthesis
c) Respiration
d) Fermentation
15. What is the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Production of insulin
c) Control of voluntary movement
d) Secretion of growth hormone
16. Which of the following is a viral sexually transmitted infection?
a) Chlamydia
b) Gonorrhea
c) Syphilis
d) Herpes
17. Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
a) Aorta
b) Pulmonary artery
c) Pulmonary vein
d) Vena cava
18. What is the function of the nephron in the kidney?
a) Digestion of food
b) Filtration of blood and formation of urine
c) Production of insulin
d) Storage of bile
19. Which part of the plant is responsible for water and mineral absorption from the soil?
a) Leaves
b) Flowers
c) Stem
d) Roots
20. Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by a missing or defective X chromosome?
a) Hemophilia
b) Down syndrome
c) Turner syndrome
d) Cystic fibrosis
Answers:
1. b) Energy production
2. d) Cartilage
3. a) Carrying oxygen
4. d) Lack of membrane-bound organelles
5. c) Insulin
6. c) Diffusion
7. d) Ribosome
8. b) Metaphase
9. b) tRNA
10. c) Coordination of movement and balance
11. b) Oak tree
12. c) Amylase
13. c) Atom
14. a) Nitrogen fixation
15. a) Regulation of body temperature
16. d) Herpes
17. c) Pulmonary vein
18. b) Filtration of blood and formation of urine
19. d) Roots
20. c) Turner syndrome