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π’ Easy Level (1β20)
- Which of the following is a lipid?
a) Glucose
b) Cellulose
c) Triglyceride β
d) Starch
Explanation: Triglycerides are a common form of lipids. - Which fat is solid at room temperature?
a) Olive oil
b) Coconut oil
c) Butter β
d) Canola oil
Explanation: Butter is a saturated fat and solid at room temperature. - Which type of fat is considered βgoodβ fat?
a) Trans fat
b) Saturated fat
c) Unsaturated fat β
d) Hydrogenated fat
Explanation: Unsaturated fats help improve blood cholesterol levels. - Fats are primarily used by the body for:
a) Protein synthesis
b) Oxygen transport
c) Energy storage β
d) Bone growth
Explanation: Fats store energy efficiently. - Which vitamin requires fat for absorption?
a) Vitamin C
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D β
d) Vitamin B1
Explanation: Vitamin D is fat-soluble. - Which of the following is a saturated fat?
a) Sunflower oil
b) Olive oil
c) Butter β
d) Fish oil
Explanation: Saturated fats come from animal sources. - Lipids are made of:
a) Amino acids
b) Fatty acids and glycerol β
c) Glucose
d) Nucleotides
Explanation: Lipids are composed of fatty acids and glycerol backbone. - Which fat should be avoided for heart health?
a) Polyunsaturated fat
b) Monounsaturated fat
c) Trans fat β
d) Omega-3 fat
Explanation: Trans fats raise LDL and lower HDL. - Which is a source of omega-3 fatty acids?
a) Red meat
b) Cheese
c) Salmon β
d) Butter
Explanation: Fatty fish like salmon are rich in omega-3s. - Which organ produces bile to help digest fats?
a) Kidney
b) Pancreas
c) Liver β
d) Stomach
Explanation: Liver produces bile stored in the gallbladder. - Which type of fatty acid has no double bonds?
a) Saturated β
b) Unsaturated
c) Polyunsaturated
d) Monounsaturated
Explanation: Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds. - What is the function of bile in fat digestion?
a) Breaks fats into glycerol
b) Absorbs fat into the blood
c) Emulsifies fats β
d) Synthesizes cholesterol
Explanation: Bile breaks fat into smaller droplets. - Which fat is found mostly in plant oils?
a) Saturated fat
b) Monounsaturated fat β
c) Trans fat
d) Cholesterol
Explanation: Olive and canola oils contain monounsaturated fats. - Fats contain how many calories per gram?
a) 4
b) 7
c) 9 β
d) 12
Explanation: Fats provide 9 kcal/gram. - Which molecule stores fat in the body?
a) Glycogen
b) ATP
c) Triglyceride β
d) Enzyme
Explanation: Body fat is mainly stored as triglycerides. - Excess intake of fats may cause:
a) Anemia
b) Obesity β
c) Rickets
d) Scurvy
Explanation: High-fat diets can lead to weight gain. - What part of the cell membrane is made from lipids?
a) Ribosome
b) Phospholipid bilayer β
c) Nucleus
d) DNA
Explanation: Cell membranes are composed of lipid layers. - HDL stands for:
a) High Digestion Lipid
b) High Density Lipoprotein β
c) Heavy Dietary Lipid
d) Hydrogenated Dietary Lipid
Explanation: HDL is the βgoodβ cholesterol. - Cholesterol is a type of:
a) Protein
b) Carbohydrate
c) Lipid β
d) Vitamin
Explanation: Cholesterol is a lipid essential for cell membranes. - Which fat is formed artificially by hydrogenation?
a) Saturated fat
b) Trans fat β
c) Unsaturated fat
d) Omega-6 fat
Explanation: Trans fats are made during hydrogenation of oils.
π‘ Moderate Level (21β40)
- Which enzyme breaks down fats in digestion?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase β
c) Pepsin
d) Maltase
Explanation: Lipase breaks triglycerides into fatty acids. - Which of the following is a phospholipid?
a) Cholesterol
b) Lecithin β
c) Glucose
d) Maltose
Explanation: Lecithin is a major component of cell membranes. - Fatty acids with one double bond are called:
a) Saturated
b) Polyunsaturated
c) Monounsaturated β
d) Trans
Explanation: Mono = one double bond. - Which of these is an essential fatty acid?
a) Oleic acid
b) Stearic acid
c) Linoleic acid β
d) Palmitic acid
Explanation: Linoleic acid (omega-6) is essential. - Which lipoprotein is considered “bad” cholesterol?
a) HDL
b) LDL β
c) VLDL
d) Chylomicron
Explanation: LDL contributes to arterial plaque. - A diet rich in saturated fats increases the risk of:
a) Vitamin deficiency
b) High blood pressure
c) Heart disease β
d) Liver cirrhosis
Explanation: Saturated fat increases cholesterol levels. - What is hydrogenation?
a) Removing fat from food
b) Breaking down fat
c) Adding hydrogen to unsaturated fats β
d) Absorbing fat in cells
Explanation: Hydrogenation turns liquid fats solid. - Which is NOT a characteristic of unsaturated fats?
a) Liquid at room temperature
b) Plant source
c) No double bonds β
d) Lower LDL levels
Explanation: Unsaturated fats do have double bonds. - Fat is primarily stored in:
a) Muscles
b) Skin
c) Adipose tissue β
d) Liver
Explanation: Adipose tissue stores fat under skin and around organs. - Which compound carries lipids through the bloodstream?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Insulin
c) Lipoprotein β
d) Enzyme
Explanation: Lipoproteins transport cholesterol and fat. - Which food is highest in saturated fats?
a) Avocado
b) Olive oil
c) Cheese β
d) Almonds
Explanation: Animal products like cheese contain saturated fats. - Which of the following is a function of lipids?
a) Forming enzymes
b) Providing energy β
c) Building DNA
d) Transporting oxygen
Explanation: Lipids are a dense energy source. - Which of the following increases HDL levels?
a) Trans fat
b) Physical activity β
c) Smoking
d) Sugar intake
Explanation: Exercise can improve HDL (βgoodβ cholesterol). - Excessive cholesterol deposits in arteries cause:
a) Diabetes
b) Atherosclerosis β
c) Anemia
d) Osteoporosis
Explanation: Cholesterol build-up narrows arteries. - Lipids differ from carbohydrates because they:
a) Have nitrogen
b) Are water-soluble
c) Yield more energy per gram β
d) Are composed of amino acids
Explanation: Lipids provide 9 kcal/g vs 4 kcal/g for carbs. - Lipoproteins are made of:
a) Sugars and proteins
b) Fats and proteins β
c) Starch and protein
d) Glycerol and water
Explanation: They have lipid and protein components. - Which condition results from low fat intake?
a) Vitamin toxicity
b) Scurvy
c) Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency β
d) High cholesterol
Explanation: Vitamins A, D, E, K require fats. - Omega-3 fatty acids help prevent:
a) Obesity
b) Atherosclerosis β
c) Kidney stones
d) Arthritis
Explanation: Omega-3s reduce inflammation and cholesterol. - Which is a polyunsaturated fat?
a) Palm oil
b) Olive oil
c) Corn oil β
d) Butter
Explanation: Corn oil contains multiple double bonds. - Which structure in lipids makes them hydrophobic?
a) Glycerol head
b) Fatty acid tail β
c) Double bond
d) Phosphate group
Explanation: Long hydrocarbon chains repel water.
π΄ Hard Level (41β50)
- Eicosanoids are derived from:
a) Cholesterol
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids β
d) Glucose
Explanation: Theyβre made from arachidonic acid (a fatty acid). - Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol to the liver for excretion?
a) LDL
b) HDL β
c) VLDL
d) Chylomicron
Explanation: HDL removes cholesterol from blood. - A triglyceride has how many fatty acid chains?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3 β
d) 4
Explanation: βTriβ means three fatty acid tails. - Fat emulsification increases:
a) Enzyme inhibition
b) Fat oxidation
c) Surface area β
d) Blood cholesterol
Explanation: Emulsification makes fats more accessible to enzymes. - Essential fatty acids cannot be:
a) Stored in adipose
b) Found in plants
c) Synthesized by the body β
d) Used for energy
Explanation: Must be obtained from diet. - Fatty acid oxidation occurs in the:
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria β
c) Cytoplasm
d) Ribosome
Explanation: Beta-oxidation happens in mitochondria. - Which statement about trans fats is TRUE?
a) They raise HDL
b) They improve heart health
c) They occur naturally in all oils
d) They increase LDL β
Explanation: Trans fats increase bad cholesterol. - Lipids in membranes are mostly:
a) Triglycerides
b) Phospholipids β
c) Steroids
d) Trans fats
Explanation: Membranes are made of phospholipid bilayers. - The main sterol in animal tissue is:
a) Testosterone
b) Cholesterol β
c) Estrogen
d) Glycerol
Explanation: Cholesterol is the base sterol in animals. - Lipolysis is the process of:
a) Lipid storage
b) Breaking down fat β
c) Fat synthesis
d) Cholesterol absorption
Explanation: Lipolysis releases fatty acids from stored fat.