MCQ on Non Communicable Diseases

🟢 Easy Level (1–20)

1. Which of the following is a non-communicable disease?
   a) Influenza
   b) Diabetes ✅
   c) Tuberculosis
   d) Measles
   Explanation: Diabetes is not caused by infection and cannot be transmitted.
2. Hypertension is also known as:
   a) Low blood sugar
   b) High blood pressure ✅
   c) Low blood pressure
   d) High cholesterol
   Explanation: Hypertension is elevated blood pressure levels.
3. Which disease is primarily caused by smoking?
   a) Asthma
   b) COPD ✅
   c) Typhoid
   d) HIV
   Explanation: Smoking is a major risk factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
4. Obesity increases the risk of:
   a) Malaria
   b) Diabetes ✅
   c) Cholera
   d) Tuberculosis
   Explanation: Excess weight contributes to insulin resistance.
5. Cancer is a group of diseases involving:
   a) Bacterial infection
   b) Viral mutation
   c) Uncontrolled cell growth ✅
   d) Autoimmunity
   Explanation: Cancer involves abnormal proliferation of cells.
6. Which of the following is NOT a non-communicable disease?
   a) Asthma
   b) Cancer
   c) Hepatitis B ✅
   d) Hypertension
   Explanation: Hepatitis B is a viral infectious disease.
7. Stroke is caused by problems in:
   a) Liver
   b) Brain ✅
   c) Kidneys
   d) Lungs
   Explanation: A stroke affects the brain’s blood supply.
8. A heart attack occurs due to:
   a) Lung infection
   b) Artery blockage ✅
   c) Brain inflammation
   d) Kidney stones
   Explanation: A heart attack happens when blood flow to the heart is blocked.
9. Which of the following is a risk factor for NCDs?
   a) Poor sanitation
   b) High-fat diet ✅
   c) Mosquito bites
   d) Viral infection
   Explanation: Diets rich in fat and sugar increase NCD risk.
10. Which gland is affected in diabetes?
    a) Thyroid
    b) Pituitary
    c) Pancreas ✅
    d) Adrenal
    Explanation: The pancreas produces insulin.
11. Which condition is related to the bones?
    a) Arthritis ✅
    b) Asthma
    c) COPD
    d) Glaucoma
    Explanation: Arthritis involves joint inflammation.
12. Asthma mainly affects the:
    a) Brain
    b) Lungs ✅
    c) Liver
    d) Kidneys
    Explanation: Asthma causes inflammation of airways.
13. Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin B12
    c) Vitamin D ✅
    d) Vitamin K
    Explanation: Vitamin D is crucial for bone development.
14. Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
    a) Lupus ✅
    b) Influenza
    c) Dengue
    d) Diabetes Type 2
    Explanation: Lupus causes the body to attack its own tissues.
15. Which of these is a form of cancer?
    a) Epilepsy
    b) Leukemia ✅
    c) Scurvy
    d) Anemia
    Explanation: Leukemia is cancer of the blood.
16. Osteoporosis is a disease that makes bones:
    a) Stronger
    b) Softer
    c) Weaker ✅
    d) Inflamed
    Explanation: Bones become brittle due to calcium loss.
17. Which type of diabetes is often lifestyle-related?
    a) Type 1
    b) Type 2 ✅
    c) Gestational
    d) Juvenile
    Explanation: Type 2 is often linked to obesity and diet.
18. Which NCD is related to the eye?
    a) Glaucoma ✅
    b) Bronchitis
    c) Hepatitis
    d) Asthma
    Explanation: Glaucoma affects the optic nerve.
19. Which of the following is a neurological disorder?
    a) Epilepsy ✅
    b) Diabetes
    c) Cancer
    d) Arthritis
    Explanation: Epilepsy is caused by abnormal brain activity.
20. Which of these is a symptom of a stroke?
    a) Sneezing
    b) Facial droop ✅
    c) Rash
    d) Vomiting
    Explanation: Sudden facial droop is a key stroke sign.

🟡 Moderate Level (21–40)

21. Which is a modifiable risk factor for NCDs?
    a) Age
    b) Family history
    c) Smoking ✅
    d) Gender
    Explanation: Smoking is a lifestyle choice that can be changed.
22. Anemia is caused by a deficiency of:
    a) Iron ✅
    b) Calcium
    c) Vitamin A
    d) Potassium
    Explanation: Iron is required to make hemoglobin.
23. Which hormone is lacking in diabetes?
    a) Adrenaline
    b) Insulin ✅
    c) Thyroxine
    d) Estrogen
    Explanation: Insulin controls blood glucose levels.
24. Which disease is associated with excess uric acid?
    a) Diabetes
    b) Gout ✅
    c) Cancer
    d) Asthma
    Explanation: Gout causes painful joint inflammation due to uric acid buildup.
25. Cervical cancer is mainly caused by:
    a) Hepatitis B
    b) HIV
    c) HPV ✅
    d) Herpes
    Explanation: Human papillomavirus is the main cause.
26. The term ‘metabolic syndrome’ includes all EXCEPT:
    a) High blood pressure
    b) High blood sugar
    c) Tuberculosis ✅
    d) Obesity
    Explanation: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease.
27. Which cancer is more common in men?
    a) Breast cancer
    b) Lung cancer ✅
    c) Cervical cancer
    d) Ovarian cancer
    Explanation: Lung cancer is highly prevalent in men.
28. Parkinson’s disease affects which system?
    a) Digestive
    b) Respiratory
    c) Nervous ✅
    d) Circulatory
    Explanation: Parkinson’s affects the brain and movement.
29. Which of these is not a symptom of asthma?
    a) Wheezing
    b) Shortness of breath
    c) Rash ✅
    d) Cough
    Explanation: Rashes are not related to asthma.
30. Which test is used to monitor blood sugar levels over time?
    a) ECG
    b) X-ray
    c) HbA1c ✅
    d) MRI
    Explanation: HbA1c shows 3-month average glucose levels.
31. Which NCD affects kidneys and requires dialysis?
    a) Heart failure
    b) Chronic kidney disease ✅
    c) COPD
    d) Stroke
    Explanation: CKD may lead to the need for dialysis.
32. An early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease is:
    a) Fever
    b) Headache
    c) Memory loss ✅
    d) Cough
    Explanation: Memory problems are common in Alzheimer’s.
33. BMI is used to measure:
    a) Bone density
    b) Muscle mass
    c) Body fat based on weight and height ✅
    d) Blood pressure
    Explanation: Body Mass Index indicates obesity.
34. What is the primary treatment for cancer?
    a) Antibiotics
    b) Insulin
    c) Chemotherapy ✅
    d) Oxygen therapy
    Explanation: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
35. Which disease may result from untreated hypertension?
    a) Tuberculosis
    b) Kidney damage ✅
    c) Asthma
    d) Pneumonia
    Explanation: High BP can damage kidney function.
36. Which vitamin is important for bone health?
    a) Vitamin D ✅
    b) Vitamin C
    c) Vitamin B
    d) Vitamin K
    Explanation: Vitamin D helps calcium absorption.
37. Which substance raises LDL (bad cholesterol)?
    a) Fiber
    b) Unsaturated fat
    c) Trans fat ✅
    d) Protein
    Explanation: Trans fats are harmful to heart health.
38. A common cause of liver cirrhosis is:
    a) Alcohol abuse ✅
    b) Asthma
    c) Diabetes
    d) Arthritis
    Explanation: Alcohol damages liver tissue.
39. Which gland controls metabolism?
    a) Pituitary
    b) Adrenal
    c) Thyroid ✅
    d) Pancreas
    Explanation: The thyroid releases thyroxine.
40. Macular degeneration affects:
    a) Skin
    b) Eyes ✅
    c) Bones
    d) Muscles
    Explanation: It is a leading cause of vision loss.

🔴 Hard Level (41–50)

41. Which cancer is strongly linked to asbestos exposure?
    a) Breast cancer
    b) Mesothelioma ✅
    c) Lung cancer
    d) Leukemia
    Explanation: Asbestos causes this rare cancer of the lung lining.
42. Which part of the brain is affected in Alzheimer’s disease?
    a) Cerebellum
    b) Hippocampus ✅
    c) Medulla
    d) Pons
    Explanation: The hippocampus manages memory.
43. Which of the following is an endocrine disorder?
    a) Glaucoma
    b) Diabetes ✅
    c) Asthma
    d) Arthritis
    Explanation: Diabetes involves hormone imbalance.
44. Which protein is found in high levels in prostate cancer?
    a) PSA ✅
    b) AFP
    c) Hemoglobin
    d) Albumin
    Explanation: Prostate-Specific Antigen is elevated in prostate cancer.
45. Atherosclerosis is a condition of:
    a) Veins
    b) Arteries ✅
    c) Lungs
    d) Skin
    Explanation: Arteries are narrowed due to plaque buildup.
46. Which NCD is detected with a colonoscopy?
    a) Colon cancer ✅
    b) Diabetes
    c) Osteoporosis
    d) Stroke
    Explanation: Colonoscopies find colorectal tumors.
47. A diet high in sodium can cause:
    a) Low blood sugar
    b) Hypotension
    c) Hypertension ✅
    d) Anemia
    Explanation: Sodium raises blood pressure.
48. What is the function of insulin?
    a) Break down fats
    b) Transport oxygen
    c) Regulate blood sugar ✅
    d) Stimulate appetite
    Explanation: Insulin helps cells absorb glucose.
49. Which NCD is a result of excessive cell division?
    a) Asthma
    b) Cancer ✅
    c) Diabetes
    d) Epilepsy
    Explanation: Cancer arises from uncontrolled cell growth.
50. An echocardiogram is used to examine:
    a) Liver
    b) Brain
    c) Lungs
    d) Heart ✅
    Explanation: Echo shows images of the beating heart.