Deficiency of vitamin A causes:
a) Rickets
b) Scurvy
c) Night blindness ✅
d) Beriberi Explanation: Vitamin A is essential for vision, especially in low light.
Rickets is caused by deficiency of:
a) Vitamin C
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin D ✅
d) Iron Explanation: Vitamin D is required for proper bone development.
Scurvy is caused by lack of:
a) Vitamin B
b) Vitamin C ✅
c) Iron
d) Calcium Explanation: Vitamin C maintains healthy gums and connective tissue.
Deficiency of iodine causes:
a) Goiter ✅
b) Anemia
c) Scurvy
d) Night blindness Explanation: Iodine is required for thyroid hormone production.
Beriberi is caused by deficiency of:
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B1 ✅
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D Explanation: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) is essential for nerve function.
Anemia results from deficiency of:
a) Iron ✅
b) Calcium
c) Protein
d) Vitamin C Explanation: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
A deficiency of calcium leads to:
a) Anemia
b) Tooth decay
c) Weak bones ✅
d) Vision loss Explanation: Calcium is essential for healthy bones and teeth.
Kwashiorkor is due to lack of:
a) Fats
b) Vitamins
c) Protein ✅
d) Carbohydrates Explanation: Kwashiorkor is a protein-deficiency disease in children.
Marasmus is caused by deficiency of:
a) Only protein
b) Protein and calories ✅
c) Only fat
d) Vitamins only Explanation: Marasmus results from severe calorie and protein deficiency.
To prevent anemia, we should include:
a) Vitamin C
b) Iron-rich foods ✅
c) Salt
d) Water Explanation: Iron is essential for preventing anemia.
Pellagra is caused by deficiency of:
a) Vitamin B6
b) Niacin (Vitamin B3) ✅
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin A Explanation: Niacin deficiency causes pellagra, with symptoms of diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia.
What causes dental caries?
a) Iron deficiency
b) Lack of fluoride ✅
c) Lack of fiber
d) Lack of sugar Explanation: Fluoride helps prevent tooth decay.
Which nutrient is required for strong teeth and bones?
a) Iron
b) Calcium ✅
c) Protein
d) Sodium Explanation: Calcium is vital for bone and dental health.
A symptom of scurvy is:
a) Swollen thyroid
b) Soft bones
c) Bleeding gums ✅
d) Hair loss Explanation: Scurvy causes bleeding gums and joint pain.
Vitamin D helps in absorption of:
a) Iron
b) Calcium ✅
c) Vitamin C
d) Sodium Explanation: Vitamin D supports calcium absorption for bone health.
Protein deficiency in children causes:
a) Anemia
b) Obesity
c) Kwashiorkor ✅
d) Scurvy Explanation: Kwashiorkor results from inadequate protein intake.
Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to:
a) Scurvy
b) Anemia ✅
c) Rickets
d) Night blindness Explanation: B12 is essential for red blood cell formation.
Vitamin C is mainly found in:
a) Milk
b) Citrus fruits ✅
c) Eggs
d) Meat Explanation: Oranges and lemons are rich in Vitamin C.
Goiter results in swelling of the:
a) Liver
b) Thyroid gland ✅
c) Kidney
d) Brain Explanation: Iodine deficiency causes thyroid swelling.
Vitamin A can be obtained from:
a) White rice
b) Butter
c) Carrots ✅
d) Salt Explanation: Carrots contain beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.
🟡 Moderate Level (21–40)
Zinc deficiency can cause:
a) Hair loss ✅
b) Bleeding
c) Goiter
d) Bone pain Explanation: Zinc supports hair, skin, and immune health.
Lack of Vitamin K leads to:
a) Poor vision
b) Excessive bleeding ✅
c) Brittle nails
d) Diarrhea Explanation: Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting.
Which vitamin is associated with neural tube defects?
a) Vitamin A
b) Folic acid ✅
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D Explanation: Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy can cause birth defects.
Osteoporosis is commonly due to lack of:
a) Iron
b) Vitamin A
c) Calcium ✅
d) Vitamin C Explanation: Calcium maintains bone density.
Vitamin E deficiency may lead to:
a) Weak immunity ✅
b) Rickets
c) Scurvy
d) Cataracts Explanation: Vitamin E helps protect cells and supports immunity.
Which vitamin deficiency affects the nervous system?
a) Vitamin B1 ✅
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin A Explanation: Thiamine (B1) deficiency affects nerves.
Vitamin D deficiency in adults causes:
a) Goiter
b) Osteomalacia ✅
c) Kwashiorkor
d) Pellagra Explanation: Osteomalacia is softening of bones in adults.
Which symptom is common in iron deficiency anemia?
a) Dizziness ✅
b) Joint pain
c) Night blindness
d) Skin rashes Explanation: Low iron reduces oxygen in blood, causing fatigue and dizziness.
Fatigue and muscle cramps may be due to deficiency of:
a) Sodium
b) Potassium ✅
c) Vitamin D
d) Calcium Explanation: Potassium helps with nerve and muscle function.
Cracking at the corners of the mouth may indicate:
a) Protein deficiency
b) Vitamin B2 deficiency ✅
c) Vitamin C excess
d) Zinc toxicity Explanation: Riboflavin (B2) supports healthy skin and mucous membranes.
Niacin deficiency causes:
a) Anemia
b) Pellagra ✅
c) Scurvy
d) Goiter Explanation: Pellagra is characterized by the 3 D’s: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia.
Delayed wound healing may be a sign of:
a) Vitamin C deficiency ✅
b) Vitamin A deficiency
c) Iron overload
d) Calcium excess Explanation: Vitamin C is crucial for tissue repair and healing.
Which vitamin deficiency is common in alcoholics?
a) Vitamin B1 ✅
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin A
d) Vitamin C Explanation: Alcohol interferes with absorption of thiamine.
A child with swollen belly and thin limbs may have:
a) Scurvy
b) Kwashiorkor ✅
c) Marasmus
d) Goiter Explanation: Classic symptom of protein deficiency in kwashiorkor.
What is a common sign of vitamin A deficiency?
a) Bone pain
b) Weak pulse
c) Dry eyes ✅
d) Swollen joints Explanation: Vitamin A maintains eye moisture.
Vitamin D is also known as the:
a) Sunshine vitamin ✅
b) Sleep vitamin
c) Brain vitamin
d) Clotting vitamin Explanation: Vitamin D is synthesized by skin under sunlight.
What is a major cause of preventable blindness in children?
a) Zinc deficiency
b) Vitamin A deficiency ✅
c) Iron deficiency
d) Protein excess Explanation: Lack of vitamin A can lead to vision loss.
Who is most at risk of iron deficiency?
a) Elderly
b) Young men
c) Menopausal women
d) Pregnant women ✅ Explanation: Increased demand during pregnancy requires more iron.
Vitamin B12 is mostly found in:
a) Meat and dairy ✅
b) Fruits
c) Vegetables
d) Cereals Explanation: B12 is animal-based, thus vegetarians may lack it.
Children with marasmus show:
a) Puffy face
b) Wasting and thinness ✅
c) Swollen limbs
d) Curved spine Explanation: Marasmus results in extreme wasting due to calorie deficiency.
🔴 Hard Level (41–50)
Which vitamin deficiency is linked to bleeding disorders?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin K ✅
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D Explanation: Vitamin K is required for blood clotting.
Fat-soluble vitamins include:
a) A, D, E, K ✅
b) B, C
c) B1, B2, B6, B12
d) All vitamins Explanation: Only A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble.
Long-term vitamin D deficiency may lead to:
a) Muscle hypertrophy
b) Osteoporosis ✅
c) Constipation
d) Blindness Explanation: Vitamin D deficiency weakens bones over time.
Magnesium deficiency can lead to:
a) Weight gain
b) Muscle spasms ✅
c) Hair fall
d) Swollen thyroid Explanation: Magnesium is involved in muscle function.
A lack of vitamin B6 may result in:
a) Poor memory ✅
b) Poor vision
c) Scurvy
d) Night sweats Explanation: B6 supports brain function.
Vitamin E deficiency can lead to:
a) Nerve and muscle damage ✅
b) Eye disease
c) Rickets
d) Tooth loss Explanation: Vitamin E protects nerve and muscle tissues.
Which trace mineral is essential for thyroid hormone production?
a) Zinc
b) Copper
c) Iodine ✅
d) Magnesium Explanation: Iodine is a component of thyroid hormones.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy is caused by lack of:
a) Thiamine (Vitamin B1) ✅
b) Vitamin C
c) Iron
d) Calcium Explanation: Seen in alcoholics due to thiamine deficiency.
Bitot’s spots on eyes are seen in:
a) Vitamin A deficiency ✅
b) Zinc deficiency
c) Vitamin C deficiency
d) Iron deficiency Explanation: White spots on eyes indicate vitamin A lack.
Spina bifida in newborns is linked to:
a) Low calcium
b) Low folic acid ✅
c) High iron
d) High sodium Explanation: Folic acid during pregnancy prevents neural tube defects.