How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
A) 200
B) 206 ✅
C) 210
D) 201 Explanation: An adult human has 206 bones.
Which is the longest bone in the human body?
A) Tibia
B) Humerus
C) Femur ✅
D) Radius Explanation: The femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone.
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
A) Digestion
B) Blood purification
C) Structural support ✅
D) Hormone secretion Explanation: The skeleton provides structure and support for the body.
Which bone protects the brain?
A) Sternum
B) Skull ✅
C) Rib cage
D) Pelvis Explanation: The skull encases and protects the brain.
The bones of the spine are called:
A) Ribs
B) Vertebrae ✅
C) Carpals
D) Tarsals Explanation: The vertebral column (spine) is made up of vertebrae.
How many ribs does a typical human have?
A) 10
B) 12 pairs ✅
C) 14
D) 24 individual Explanation: 12 pairs = 24 ribs.
Which bone is commonly known as the collarbone?
A) Scapula
B) Clavicle ✅
C) Sternum
D) Humerus Explanation: The clavicle connects the shoulder to the sternum.
The kneecap is also known as the:
A) Tibia
B) Fibula
C) Patella ✅
D) Femur Explanation: The patella is the small bone that covers the knee joint.
What type of joint is the shoulder joint?
A) Hinge
B) Ball and socket ✅
C) Pivot
D) Gliding Explanation: Ball-and-socket joints allow movement in all directions.
Which bone is not part of the axial skeleton?
A) Skull
B) Vertebrae
C) Pelvis ✅
D) Ribs Explanation: The pelvis is part of the appendicular skeleton.
Which mineral is most abundant in bones?
A) Iron
B) Phosphorus
C) Calcium ✅
D) Magnesium Explanation: Calcium phosphate gives bones strength.
Where is the humerus located?
A) Leg
B) Arm ✅
C) Foot
D) Spine Explanation: The humerus is the upper arm bone.
Which type of bone forms the wrist?
A) Tarsals
B) Carpals ✅
C) Metacarpals
D) Phalanges Explanation: The wrist consists of carpal bones.
The hip bone is scientifically called the:
A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Pelvis ✅
D) Coccyx Explanation: The pelvis supports the lower limbs.
Which part of the bone produces blood cells?
A) Compact bone
B) Spongy bone
C) Bone marrow ✅
D) Cartilage Explanation: Bone marrow, especially red marrow, is responsible for hematopoiesis.
The lower jawbone is known as:
A) Maxilla
B) Mandible ✅
C) Zygomatic
D) Frontal Explanation: The mandible is the movable lower jaw.
Which bones form the fingers?
A) Metacarpals
B) Carpals
C) Phalanges ✅
D) Tarsals Explanation: Phalanges make up fingers and toes.
What type of joint is found in the elbow?
A) Ball and socket
B) Hinge ✅
C) Pivot
D) Saddle Explanation: Hinge joints allow bending and straightening.
Which bone is located in the forearm?
A) Femur
B) Tibia
C) Radius ✅
D) Fibula Explanation: The radius is one of the two bones in the forearm.
The vertebral column consists of how many vertebrae?
A) 30
B) 33 ✅
C) 28
D) 26 Explanation: 33 vertebrae in total: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral (fused), 4 coccygeal (fused).
🟡 Moderate Level (21–40)
Which part of the skeleton includes limbs and girdles?
A) Axial skeleton
B) Appendicular skeleton ✅
C) Cranial skeleton
D) Thoracic skeleton Explanation: Appendicular skeleton includes arms, legs, and girdles.
Which bone connects the arm to the trunk?
A) Radius
B) Ulna
C) Clavicle ✅
D) Femur Explanation: Clavicle acts as a strut between the scapula and sternum.
The scapula is commonly called the:
A) Collarbone
B) Shoulder blade ✅
C) Tailbone
D) Breastbone Explanation: Scapula is the flat, triangular bone at the back of the shoulder.
Which bone forms the forehead?
A) Parietal
B) Temporal
C) Frontal ✅
D) Occipital Explanation: The frontal bone is located at the front of the skull.
How many bones are in the human hand (including wrist)?
A) 27 ✅
B) 30
C) 25
D) 29 Explanation: 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, and 14 phalanges = 27 bones.
The region where two or more bones meet is called a:
A) Muscle
B) Tendon
C) Joint ✅
D) Ligament Explanation: Joints allow movement and flexibility.
Which bone forms the base of the skull?
A) Parietal
B) Temporal
C) Occipital ✅
D) Ethmoid Explanation: The occipital bone forms the posterior base of the skull.
Which connective tissue joins muscle to bone?
A) Ligament
B) Tendon ✅
C) Cartilage
D) Fascia Explanation: Tendons connect muscles to bones.
Osteocytes are found in which tissue?
A) Muscle
B) Nerve
C) Bone ✅
D) Cartilage Explanation: Osteocytes are mature bone cells found in bone matrix.
The bone that does not articulate with any other bone is the:
A) Mandible
B) Hyoid ✅
C) Atlas
D) Sacrum Explanation: The hyoid bone supports the tongue and is not attached to other bones.
Which bones form the ankle joint?
A) Tibia and Fibula with Talus ✅
B) Femur and Patella
C) Ulna and Radius
D) Tibia and Calcaneus Explanation: The ankle joint is formed by tibia, fibula, and talus.
Growth in the length of long bones occurs at the:
A) Diaphysis
B) Epiphysis
C) Epiphyseal plate ✅
D) Periosteum Explanation: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) is responsible for lengthening.
The adult pelvis is composed of:
A) Ilium, ischium, and pubis ✅
B) Femur, tibia, and fibula
C) Coxal, sacrum, and coccyx
D) Hip, spine, and femur Explanation: These three bones fuse to form each hip bone.
Which bones make up the pectoral girdle?
A) Clavicle and scapula ✅
B) Scapula and sternum
C) Clavicle and humerus
D) Sternum and ribs Explanation: The clavicle and scapula connect the arms to the trunk.
Flat bones are typically found in the:
A) Limbs
B) Skull ✅
C) Fingers
D) Ankles Explanation: Flat bones like frontal and parietal protect soft organs.
A fracture that breaks the skin is called:
A) Simple
B) Compound ✅
C) Greenstick
D) Spiral Explanation: A compound fracture breaks through the skin, increasing infection risk.
Bone cells that break down bone are called:
A) Osteoblasts
B) Osteocytes
C) Osteoclasts ✅
D) Chondrocytes Explanation: Osteoclasts dissolve bone tissue during remodeling.
What type of bone is the sternum?
A) Irregular
B) Long
C) Flat ✅
D) Short Explanation: The sternum is a flat bone in the chest.
Which bones form the arch of the foot?
A) Carpals
B) Metatarsals ✅
C) Tarsals
D) Phalanges Explanation: Metatarsals form the arch and structure of the foot.
What covers the outer surface of bones?
A) Endosteum
B) Cartilage
C) Periosteum ✅
D) Marrow Explanation: The periosteum is a dense connective tissue layer.
🔴 Hard Level (41–50)
Which enzyme is secreted by osteoclasts to dissolve bone matrix?
A) Pepsin
B) Collagenase ✅
C) Lipase
D) Amylase Explanation: Osteoclasts secrete collagenase to degrade collagen in bone.
Which hormone increases blood calcium by stimulating bone breakdown?
A) Calcitonin
B) Estrogen
C) Parathyroid hormone ✅
D) Insulin Explanation: PTH stimulates osteoclast activity to release calcium.
The foramen magnum is found in which bone?
A) Frontal
B) Temporal
C) Occipital ✅
D) Parietal Explanation: The foramen magnum is the large opening in the occipital bone.
The axis is the:
A) First cervical vertebra
B) Second cervical vertebra ✅
C) Third cervical vertebra
D) Last thoracic vertebra Explanation: The axis (C2) allows head rotation with the atlas.
Intramembranous ossification forms which bones?
A) Long bones
B) Vertebrae
C) Skull bones ✅
D) Pelvis Explanation: Flat bones like the skull develop directly from mesenchyme.
The bone matrix is primarily made of:
A) Chitin
B) Collagen and hydroxyapatite ✅
C) Keratin
D) Elastin Explanation: The matrix contains collagen and mineral salts like calcium phosphate.
Which condition involves softening of bones in adults?
A) Rickets
B) Osteomalacia ✅
C) Osteomyelitis
D) Arthritis Explanation: Osteomalacia is caused by vitamin D deficiency in adults.
Which part of the bone contains yellow marrow?
A) Epiphysis
B) Diaphysis ✅
C) Metaphysis
D) Periosteum Explanation: The medullary cavity in the diaphysis stores yellow (fatty) marrow.
Which type of joint is immovable?
A) Hinge
B) Ball and socket
C) Fibrous ✅
D) Synovial Explanation: Fibrous joints like sutures in the skull do not move.
A sesamoid bone is embedded in a:
A) Ligament
B) Tendon ✅
C) Muscle
D) Cartilage Explanation: Sesamoid bones (like the patella) form within tendons to reduce stress.