Drug Class | Aminoglycoside antibiotic | Tetracycline antibiotic |
Mechanism of Action | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis |
Spectrum of Activity | Gram-negative bacteria (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) | Broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as some protozoa |
Common Uses | Treatment of severe bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria | Treatment of various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and skin infections |
Route of Administration | Intravenous, inhalation, topical (eye drops) | Oral, topical (ointment, eye ointment), injection (for veterinary use) |
Resistance Concerns | Resistance can develop over time with prolonged use | Resistance can develop over time with prolonged use |
Adverse Effects | Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity (ear toxicity), neuromuscular blockade (with high doses) | Gastrointestinal disturbances, photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight), allergic reactions |
Precautions/Warnings | Requires monitoring of kidney function and hearing during treatment | Avoid use in children under 8 years old (may cause tooth discoloration), caution in patients with liver or kidney impairment, may reduce effectiveness of oral contraceptives |
Drug Interactions | Can interact with other medications that affect kidney function or cause hearing damage | Can interact with other medications, antacids, and supplements that may reduce its absorption |
Pregnancy Category | Category D (may cause harm to the fetus) | Category D (may cause harm to the fetus) |
Trade Names | Tobrex, Nebcin | Terramycin, Oxytetracycline |