The features that make DNA as genetic material are:
- It is a double helix structure, which is folded into a spiral shape by hydrogen bonds between the base pairs.
- It contains nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA) and phosphate groups (phosphates are attached to the sugar side of nucleotides).
- It has a unique sequence of four different bases (A,T,C and G) that code for specific amino acids in proteins.
- It is made of two strands that are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases on each strand (this forms the famous “double helix” shape).
- The sequence of bases in DNA determines the information needed to build proteins and other molecules.
- The double-stranded structure of DNA allows it to be copied and passed on during cell division.
- It is found in all living organisms on Earth, from bacteria to humans (and even viruses).