Simple Staining: Principle, Procedure, Results and Application
Aim: To study simple staining of microorganism Introduction: Simple staining is performed by basic stains such as crystal …
Practicals
Hot Air Oven: Principle, Construction and Applications
Introduction: Hot air oven is developed by Pasteur. It is thermostat controlling device based on utilization of dry …
Autoclave: Principle, Working, Types and Applications
Introduction: Autoclave is a large vessel through which steam is circulated for sterilization of object. Various scientific experiments …
Flagella Staining: Principle, Procedure and Example
Flagella Staining: Principle, Procedure and Example Introduction Flagella are delicate locomotory organelles attached to the surface of the …
Endospore Staining: Principle, Procedure, Results and Example
Endospore Staining: Principle, Procedure, Results and Example Introduction When vegetative cells of certain bacteria such as Bacillus spp. …
Cell Wall Staining: Principle and Procedure
Cell Wall Staining: Principle and Procedure Cell wall is a rigid structure, the outer covering and is responsible …
Capsule Staining: Principle, Methods, Procedure and Examples
Capsule Staining: Principle, Methods, Procedure and Examples Some bacteria have a thin layer of polysaccharide capsule outside the …
Acid Fast Staining: Principle, Procedure and Examples
Acid Fast Staining Some bacteria are surrounded by a membrane composed of fatty or waxy substances. Therefore, these …
Gram Staining: Principle, Theories, Procedure and Examples
Gram Staining Gram staining is important and widely used technique. It is used to differentiate two large groups …
QUANTIFYING HETEROTROPHIC MICROBES
QUANTIFYING HETEROTROPHIC MICROBES USING THE SPREAD-PLATE TECHNIQUE Introduction Heterotrophs are the community of (yeast, molds, and bacteria) micro-organisms …
ENUMERATION OF MICROBES WITH DAPI STAINING
THEORY DAPI (4′,6-diamino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride) molecules are able to penetrate cell membranes and bind to the double helix of …
CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION IN SHAKEN CULTURE
THEORY Nowadays, citric acid (2-hydroxy-propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid) is produced microbiologically by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus wentii. The most important …