Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) It is a molecule composed of two chains that coil around each other to form …
Genetics
Mitochondrial DNA: Structure, Replication and Gene organization
Mitochondria Mitochondria are found in the cytoplasm of all animal and plant cells. are the principal source of …
Spontaneous and Induced Mutation
Spontaneous and induced mutation Spontaneous mutations are the result of errors in natural biological processes, while induced mutations …
Prenatal Diagnosis: Overview
Prenatal Diagnosis: Overview INTRODUCTION One of the most important threats for human’s health is the genetic diseases. Genetic …
Types of Mutations
Types of mutations Gene mutations are of two main types, base-pair substitutions or switches, and frameshift mutations. 1) …
Chromosome Banding Pattern
Chromosome Banding Pattern HISTORY In 1912, Winiwater was a successful attempt to count the number of human chromosomes. …
DNA repair mechanisms
DNA repair mechanisms Definition DNA repair is a set of processes that a cell uses to detect and …
Ame’s Test, Replica plate technique and Fluctuation test
Ame’s Test, Replica plate technique and Fluctuation test Fluctuation test This test was devised by Luria and Delbruck …
Genetic Code: Definition, General Properties and Characteristics
Definition The relationship between the sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA, RNA, and the sequence of amino acids …
Transformation of T DNA
Agrobacterium mediated t-DNA transfer is widely used as a tool in biotechnology. In genetic engineering the tumour promoting …
Protection of DNA Fragments
Protection of DNA Fragments Donor genetic sequences, either genomic or cDNA, must be protected from degradation and transported …
Giant Chromosomes
Giant chromosomes: Chromosomes which, compared with regular chromosomes, are incredibly large. Any animal cells produce certain chromosomes, called …